Упражнение 38. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод фразеологизмов

1. The self-locking aspect of a wedge may be of interest. 2. Constant-volume heat addition is approximated in the SI engine by virtue of the combustion process taking place rapidly when the piston is near TDC. 3. The effect of fouling on design is twofold: extra surface must be added to the heat exchanger to overcome the additional thermal resistance, and provision must be made to allow cleaning either by chemical or mechanical means. 4. Models of the environment typically refer to some portion of a system’s surroundings, the intensive properties of each phase of which are uniform and do not change significantly as a result of any process under consideration. 5. Just like a human expert can explain how a specific conclusion has been drawn, the explanation facility can explain its reasoning to enhance the credibility of an expert system. 6. The difficulty is mainly because of the need to account for important, complex details of the loading cycle (frequency, hold times, temperature, and deformation wave shape). 7. The quantity denoted by Q in Equation 2.8 accounts for the amount of energy transferred to a closed system during a process by means other than work. 8. The first term on the right side accounts for the cost of the net energy used and the second term accounts for cost of the system itself. 9. As for axially loaded members, the redundant reactions of beams are determined from the given conditions of geometry (the displacement compatibility conditions). 10. It follows that heat interactions also involve energy transfer. 11. A new approach has to take the climatic factors into account to find out if a double-skin facade can help to reduce the energy consumption in buildings in a hot and humid climate. 12. All ungrounded systems should be equipped with ground detectors and proper maintenance applied to avoid, as far as practical, the overcurrent of a sustained ground fault on ungrounded systems. 13. Pairwise comparisons should not be used when there are a very large number of comparisons to be made, because the comparisonwise significance level can become too small to be of value. 14. While an experimenter should be concerned about controlling overall error rates and confidence levels, it is important to stress that the main objective of multiple comparison procedures is to learn as much about populations, processes, or phenomena as is possible from an experiment. 15. It is no longer satisfactory just to monitor on-line industrial processes and to ensure that products are within desired specification limits. 16. The figures available are not so complete as to provide a basis for final analysis. 17. In spite of the severe difficulties that the economy had to face, the intensification of building construction was necessary.