I. Определите функцию формы с окончанием –ing и переведите следующие предложения:

1. In passing through a metal electrons collide with many ions. 2. When the boiling is reached the adding of heat does not raise the temperature. 3. The proper work of an engine depends upon its being well lubricated. 4. All the chemical transformations that take place around us only change energy from one form into another without affecting the total. 5. Coal and any other fuel provide the heat required for driving our engines and turbines. 6. In carrying out the plan of launching an artificial satellite our scientists had to solve many difficult problems. 7. The bridge having been repaired so quickly surprised us very much. 8. Before discussing this question they made a short break. 9. I knew nothing about the recent happenings. 10. Their having crossed the river caused a great surprise. 11. War causes hard sufferings.