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метод указания по переводу

Практические задания

• Упражнение 1. Дайте соответствия следующим неологизмам:

Computer: super-computer, multi-user, neuro-computer, vapourware, computerman, computeri­zation, to blitz out.

Computer and TV: to telework, to telecommute, tele-banking, telemarketing, teleshopping, videobank, finger-print scanner, biometric eye-scanner, voice verification, telemonitory unit, electronic tagging

Social: youthquake , pussy-footer, Euromarket, Eurodollar, Europol, belonger, muppie, gruppie, rumple, bluppie, survivors, sustainers, emulaters, achievers, jet set, jet plane travelers, partial and non-partial, welfare mother, neighbour watch, home watch, dial-a-meal, dial-a-taxi, Drugs!, sweat, task, airmiles, wheel-clamping

Language: artspeak, sportspeak, med-speak, education-speak, video-speak, cable-speak ecobabble, eurobabble, psychobab­ble, technobabble

Food: macrobiotics, longlife milk, clingfilm, veg-burgers

Footwear and Clothing: winklepickers, thongs, backsters, catsuit, slimster, string, hipster, completenik, sweatnik, pants-skirt, bloomers

Bags and other things: bumbag, sling bag, maitre, dangledolly, boot-sale, touch-tone, portable telephone, speaker-phone

• Упражнение 2. Переведите предложения на русский язык, оп­ределив, какие слова являются неологизмами.

  1. Another deterrent to independent action is money, and the average Congressman chooses the line of least resistance.

  2. Half the "bag ladies" and 37 per cent of homeless men are men­tally ill.

  3. Last year, there were nearly 800,000 recorded instances of "autocrime"... in England and Wales, the Home Office reports.

  4. The buzzword among the blue-sky researchers of Japan now is bioholonics.

  5. The Kampuchean authorities have supplied the returnees with food, clothing and other essentials.

  6. However, the president’s drive toward ‘deregulation’ goes in exactly the opposite direction, proposing to ease restrictions on coal dust and air pollution in general.

  7. Natural gas decontrol will have an explosive effect on inflation, while, at the same time, it will rob the economy of billions of dollars of productive capital needed to create jobs.

  8. The renewed concern about the brain drain acknowledges the general industrial malaise of which the brain drain is only a symptom; as such, it is useful but not very new.

  9. The biggest teach-in for London Telephone region engineers is to be launched early next year.

  10. It is as though the aged were an alien race to which the young will never belong. Indeed, there is a distinct discrimination against the old that has been called ageism.

• Упражнение 3. Изучите следующие сокращения-неологизмы и попытайтесь найти им соответствие в русском языке:

1. DENGLISH – speech or text that uses a mixture of German and English words (from Deutch and English)

E.g.: Many billboards have slogans in Denglish - a mix of English and German. Ad posters for sleeveless jumpers call them 'tanktops'. And Berlin's road sweepers are promoted under the slogan 'We Kehr For You' - kehr means to sweep." (M. Lea, "Germans throw in towel and start talking English" The Sun, April 7, 2000).

2. NARCO-TOURIST - a person who travels to a foreign coun­try to sample the local drugs or the indigenous narcotic plants.

3. NEWATER - exceptionally pure water recycled from waste water generated by showers, sinks, and toilets.

E.g.: "... As part of the campaign to win public acceptance, the gov­ernment [of Malaysia] has begun calling the recycled waste "newater" and has handled out more than 650,000 bottles. (S. Mydans. "Evian It's Not," The New York Times, September 26, 2002).

4. WARMEDY - a comedy that features warm-hearted, family-oriented content.

5. WEBLISH (n)- a form of English peculiar to some online documents and communication, the characteristics of which include the use of all lowercase letters, ... errors in spelling and grammar, and informal tone.

E.g.: "The popularity of e-mail is destroying the normal rules of spell­ing and grammar leading to 'weblish', a lower case global language lit­tered with mistakes..." ("The rise of the Digitally Literate," The Daily Telegraph, April 24, 2000).

6. WI-FI - wireless fidelity, a networking scheme that creates a wireless connection between a device and a network or the Internet (cf. Hi-Fi)

7. BRANDALISM - the defacement of public buildings and spaces by corporate ads, logos, and other forms of branding (brand + vandalism).

8. DADROCK - music performed by aging rock stars; also mu­sic that is strongly influenced by groups from the 60's and 70's.

9. HOSPITALIST - a doctor who practises only in a hospital.

10. WEARABLE (n) - a computer designed to be worn as an item of clothing or as a wardrobe accessory.

11. WORDROBE - the words and phrases that comprise a per­son's vocabulary.

12. BRAIN GAIN - an increase in the number of highly skilled intellectual and technical workers (cf. Brain drain).

E.g.: "Another example of Canada's 'brain drain' to the South? Just the opposite. Mr. Kaplan is an American who came the other way - part of this country's often-overlooked 'brain gain.'" (J. Lewington. "Is Can­ada really losing its brains?," The Globe and Mail)

13. CAMOUFLANGUAGE - language that uses jargon, euphe­misms, and other devices to hide the true meaning of what is being said.

14. BRODEO - a bar or party with more men than women. E. g.: “Did you have a good night last night? – “Yeah, the pub was a regular brodeo!”

15. MOCKTAIL - a non-alcoholic cocktail. Combination of ‘mock’, in this context to pretend to be something, and cocktail.

16. LEETSPEAK – an alphabet used on the Internet made up of numbers, or letters and numbers ‘r34l h40r/’7 u53 L337’ (from the word ‘elite’)