Практические задания

• Упражнение 1. Приведите соответствия следующим реалиям:

1. ale

2. whisky

3. MP – Member of Parliament

4. the White House

5. Tory

6. Sir

7. skinheads

8. franc

9. the Kremlin

10. silver screen

11. equinox

12. Red Army men

13. barrel

14. official family

15. squatter

16. stars and stripes

• Упражнение 2. Сравните перевод реалий. Определите способ их перевода.

1. shock-worker; udarnik – ударник

2. five-year plan – пятилетний план

3. wall-newspaper стенгазета

4. Leninist subotnik – Ленинский субботник

5. foot – фут

6. mile – миля

7. kilometre – километр

8. 1000 rouble note – тысячерублевая купюра / банкнот

9. 10 pound note – десятифунтовая купюра / банкнот

10. rangers – конная охрана, полиция

11. prairie – прерия

12. avocado – авокадо, аллигаторова груша

13. apple-pie order – безупречный порядок

14. corn – кукуруза

15. checks and balances – сдержки и противовесы

16. dollar diplomacy – долларовая дипломатия

17. big wig – партийный лидер, босс

18. war-horse – старый боевой конь

• Упражнение 3. Приведите собственные примеры реалий (15—20) в русском и английском языках.

• Упражнение 4. Переведите термины на русский язык. Определите способ их перевода:

Arabesque,

anode,

cathode,

quantity of information,

redun­dancy,

feedback,

frame,

quantum,

cyclotron,

bionics,

microfilm,

supersonic,

sedative,

aptitude,

duel personality,

mental abilities,

maintenance and operation instructions,

customs duty,

cash delivery,

deflation,

devaluation,

loan capital,

zero option,

poverty line,

draft resolution

defendant

• Упражнение 5. Приведите собственные примеры терминов (15-20) из области науки, в которой вы специализируетесь.

• Упражнение 6. Используя англо-русский словарь:

a) приведите русские соответствия английским, глаголам, обозначающим крики животных и птиц.

1. hyenas – laugh

2. jackals – howl

3. bears – growl

4. bees – hum, buzz

5. lambs – bleat

6. birds – sing, twitter

7. lions – growl, roar

8. camels – grunt

9. mice – squeak

10. monkeys – chatter, gibber

11. nightingales – sing, warble

12. owls – hoot, screech, scream

13. cows – low

14. oxen – low, bellow

15. pigeons – coo

16. dogs – yelp, bark,

17. crows – caw whine

18. pigs – grunt, squeal

19. rabbits – squeak

20. ducks – quack

21. seagulls – scream

22. sheep – bleat

23. flies – buzz

24. snakes – hiss

25. frogs – croak

26. geese – cackle, hiss

27. goats – bleat

28. tigers – growl, roar

29. hens – cluck, cackle

30. wolves – howl

b) переведите следующие предложения со словами, содержащими крики животных и птиц.

1. A beetle was droning overhead.

2. The farmer’s bull suddenly bellowed when we came up to the house.

3. The cat was lying and purring contentedly on my lap.

4. We were watching larks warbling in the sky.

5. All is quiet only magpies are chattering in the trees.

6. I was woken up by a cock crowing early in the morning.

7. Some people hate the chirping of crickets.

8. She has never heard donkeys bray.

9. The dog let out a yelp as I trod on its paw.

10. Suddenly I was scared by the elephant trumpeting right into my ear.

11. The swans cried mournfully as they flew in the grey sky.

12. The male turkey was gobbling along the village path.

13. I came up to the horse and it neighed, as if warning me.

14. We heard a loud snorting behind the terrace.

15. The horse whinnied with pleasure.

• Упражнение 7. Прочтите два небольших текста. Выделите реалии, определите их тип. Переведите тексты на русский язык:

1. WHAT’S IN A NAME?

The way in which British surnames have developed is very complicated. Before the Normans arrived, the use of surnames was not really known. Many English surnames were originally counseled with a person’s job – Charles Baker, Margaret Thatcher, someone’s size – Jack long, Mary Little, or a family relationship – Robin Williamson (Robin, son of William), Peter Richardson.

The most common Welch surnames were originally Christian names in some form. Welshmen living in England are also often called by the nickname ‘Taffy’. This may come from the River Taff, which runs through the capital Cardiff, or it may come from Dafydd, the Welch form of David.

2. BOXING DAY

This is the day after Christmas, the “feast of Stephen”, when good King Wenceslaus looked out and saw a poor man gathering wood on a bitterly cold night. The well known carol tells how he and his page set out to take gifts to the poor peasant.

At one time the alms boxes in church were opened on 26^th December. The money collected over the year was shared out among the poor of the parish and so St. Stephen’s Day became known as “Boxing day”.