Against [2] at because of for [2] in [2] instead of of [3] on with grammar review (Gerund; attributive groups)

Ex.7. Translate the following sentences paying attention to Gerund as a subject (on the left) and Participle I as an adverbial modifier (on the right)?

▪ Readingis to the mind what exercise is to→▫ Readingbooks we come to know many useful

the body. and interesting things.

▪ Settingthe problem is the first step to its→▫ Settinga problem the scientist makes the first

solution. step to its solution.

▪ Learninga foreign language is a long and→▫ Learning a foreign language you learn the

slow process that takes a lot of time culture and history of the country where this

and patience. language is spoken.

▪ Learning a foreign language requires→▫ Learning a foreign language one has to learn

working regularly. grammar rules and new words by heart.

▪ Constructingrailways took much time→▫ Constructingthe railway workers use various

before the invention of a track-laying machines and mechanisms.

machine.

▪ Smoking is forbidden in most public→▫ Smokinga cigar Mr. Wargrave ran in an

places in the United States. interested eye through the political news in

“The Times”.

▪ Planningyour work is necessary if you→▫ Planninghis work he manages to do a lot of

want to succeed at the Institute. things.

▪ Watchingtelevision too close or for a too→▫ Watchingtelevision, listening to the radio,

long time is dangerous for your eyes. reading newspapers people get information

about what is happening in the world.

▪ Travelingabroad has become now much→▫ Travelingthrough various time zones people

easier and cheaper than ever before. can feel tired and experience jetlag.

Ex.8. Memorize the verbs and word combinations requiring gerunds.

to begin/ to start начинать to think of думать о

to go on/ to keep on/ to continue продолжать to dream of мечтать о

to stop/ to finish прекращать, заканчивать to hear of слышать о

to enjoy/ to like/ to be fond of нравиться to decide against решать не делать

to hate/ to dislike не нравиться to prevent from мешать

to need /to require нуждаться, требовать to result in приводить к

to postpone/ to put off откладывать to object to возражать против

to risk рисковать to look forward to ждать с нетерпением

to remember/ to recall помнить to be ready for быть готовым к

to mind возражать to be afraid of бояться

to suggest предлагать to be capable of быть способным на

to avoid избегать to be engaged in заниматься

can’t help не может не to be surprised at удивляться

to insist on настаивать на to be good at хорошо справляться с

to excuse for извиняться за to be tired of устать от; надоесть

to thank for благодарить за to be responsible for отвечать за

to congratulate on поздравлять с to be worth стоит сделать

A. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the verb + gerund constructions.

1) They kept ontalkingthough the bandbeganplaying. 2) Iavoidedspeakingto them about that matter. 3) Try toavoid drinkingunboiled water. 4) I can’tinsist onyourstayinga little longer because youriskmissingthe last train. 5) Ican’t helpthinkingof it. 6) Would youmindmyleaving for a few minutes? 7) Would youmindmyjoining the discussion? 8)Who is responsible in your company for taking the most serious decisions during the talks?9)Have you ever dreamed of earning a million dollars? 10)I’d like to thank you all for coming here today. 11) You shouldstoppromisingthings you are unable to do. 12)He decided against calling her again. 13) Isuggestholdinganother meeting next week. 14) I didn’tremembermeetingher before but I pretended I knew her. 15) Why did theypostponediscussingthis project for an indefinite time? 16) Shelikesgivingadvice to other people. 17) Why does heobject tosigningthe contract with this firm? 18) A heavy rain prevented the fire from spreading. 19) I can’t help being grateful to him for all he has done for me. 20) I live only a short way from here, so it is not worth taking a taxi to get home. 21) I don’tmindgoingby bus but Ihatestandingif there are a lot of people; it is better to go by Metro.

B. Fill in the gaps with the prepositions and gerunds formed from the verbs given in the box.