I didn’tdo it, because Ihad togo home.

1. Why didn’t Harry come to see us? (do a lot of sums in maths). 2. Why didn’t you take part in our concert? (in sport competition) 3. Why didn’t Pete ride the bicycle? (repair it). 4. Why didn’t you stay there7 (go home' at once).

5. Why didn’t you spend all the money? (save some for the next month). 6. Why didn’t the man stay longer? (be at the office). 7. Why didn’t Mother cook dinner? (go shopping).8. Why didn’t Phil play football? (prepare his home work). 9. Why didn’t they go to the concert? (look after their sick child). 10. Why didn’t the boys stay at home? (go to school).

Вправа 7. Перетворіть речення, використовуючи зразок.

Kate is not well. (see a doctor).

She ought to see a doctor.

1. The boys are too lazy. (study more). 2. Mary is so selfish (help her relatives). 3. Your husband works too much. (have a rest). 4. Your friend is very rude. (be more polite). 5. Phillip isn’t very punctual. (come in time). 6. John is so untidy (be neater). 7. Mother is ill. (consult a doctor). 8. Jane is so extravagant (be more modest). 9. Grandfather is so forgetful. (write down telephone messages). 10. The dog is hungry. (you, feed it).

Вправа 8. Перекладіть речення та поясніть вживання модальних дієслів та їх еквівалентів.

1. When Sophia asked professor Chebyshev for advice he said: ‘You should ask for special permission to take examinations but I am not sure that you will be allowed to do it. 2. ‘The examinations are to be held at the very beginning of next month,’ said Sophia. ‘Shall I be able to get the permission by that time?’ 3. ‘You may go abroad, but to do it you must get married,’ said the professor. 4. ‘You should discuss this problem with your family,’ he added. 5. So strong was Sophia's wish to go on with her studies that her parents had to let her get married and go abroad. 6. When the Kovalevskys arrived in Berlin, they learned that women were not permitted to take examinations there either. 7. The only possible way out for her was to read privately, which she did. ‘I shall have to work very hard to cover the University course in four years,» said she.

8. During the four years she stayed in Berlin Sophia Kovalevskaya was able not only to cover the University course, but also to write three dissertations. 9. ‘In consideration of these dissertations they ought to let me make my Doctorate,» she thought. 10. It was the University of Gottingen that granted her a degree of Ph. D. for the paper ‘On the Theory of Partial Differential Equations’. Their opinion was that the author of such a remarkable work should be granted a degree. 11. Moreover, they informed the young scientist that she needn't take oral examinations, as she had been excused from them. 12. It was then that the Kovalevskys decided to return to Russia, as Sophia hoped that with her Ph. D. she would be permitted to work at the University.

Вправа 9. Замініть модальні дієслова еквівалентами

1. According to her father's plans Sophia (must) get a sound education.

2. As there were no teachers in Palibino Sophia's father (must) invite an experienced teacher from St. Petersburg. 3. To cover the school programme Sophia's teacher (must) instruct her in languages, arithmetic, grammar, literature, geography and history. 4. Sophia (can) speak and write French quite well since her childhood. 5. Sophia was a very capable pupil. She (can) write excellent compositions and solve complicated problems in mathematics as well.

6. Her teacher didn't expect that at the age of twelve Sophia (can) suggest a new solution for the determination of the ratio of the diameter of the circle to its circumference. 7. At the age of sixteen Sophia asked her father for permission to go on with her studies in St. Petersburg. ‘You (must) take private lessons, as women (may not) attend lectures at the University,’ he said. 8. He told her that women (must) obtain special permission from the University authorities.

9. Sophia did get that permission, but still she (may not) take examinations.

10. ‘I (must) go abroad to complete my education,’ decided Sophia.

8. Підсумкові тести з граматики Модальні дієслова Modal verbs

1. Доберіть потрібну форму дієслова.

1. I tell stories, never could.

a) can; b) can’t; c) may; d) have to.

2. He swim since childhood.

a) can; b) could; c) should; d) has been able to.

3 I take Pete' s bag ?

a) can; b) shall; c) may; d) must.

4. I do a lot of work yesterday.

a) had to; b) have to; c) must; d) was able to.

4. You make notes in the books.

a) don’t have to; b) aren’t to; c) mustn’t ; d) needn’t.

4. His sister cook very well.

a) is able to; b) may; c) has to; d) can.

7 it be done before tomorrow ?

a) can; b) may; c) must; d) should.

8. Nobody do it without your help.

a) couldn’t; b) can; c) should; d) can’t.

9. My mother was unwell, and I go to the chemist' s.

a) must; b) have to; c) could; d) had to.

10. He neither move nor speak.

a) couldn’t; b) could; c) might; d) had to.

11. If you have done your homework, you go for a walk.

a) may; b) can; c) must; d) have to.

12. I give you my book for a couple of days after I have read it.

a) can; b) may; c) shall be able to; d) have to.

13. We discuss the matter not later than tomorrow.

a) had to; b) must; c) can; d) are able to.

14. He wait at the station till it stopped raining.

a) will have to; b) wasn’t able to; c) had to; d) might.

2. Доберіть потрібну форму дієслова.

1. She clean the house herself.

a) is to; b) can; c) has to; d) should.

2. We look into the matter.

a) must; b) can; c) may; d) don’ t have to.

3. I exactly express my meaning.

a) shan’t; b) mustn’t; c) can 't; d) needn’t.

4. I bring my sister to the party ?

a) shall; b) can; c) must; d) may.

4. you see anything in this inky darkness ?

a) can; b) may; c) must; d) need.

6.She asked me if she use my telephone.

a) can; b) could; c) might; d) may.

4. I go to hospital to visit my aunt.

a) could; b) had to; c) was able to; d) must.

4. She stay at home because she didn’t feel well.

a) could; b) was to; c) had to; d) must.

4. What is done be undone.

a) can; b) cannot; c) may not; d) must.

10 we learn the poem today ?

a) shall; b) should; c) could; d) must.

11. She graduate that year.

a) had to; b) must; c) could; d) was to.

12. She get to the airport in time, there isn’t much time left.

a) can; b) won 't be able; c) wouldn’t; d) won’t have to.

13. Students do homework in time.

a) must; b) are to; c) have to; d) can.

14. I shut the door ?

a) must; b) can; c) may; d) need

3. Доберіть потрібну форму дієслова.

1. They start on Monday.

a) has to; b) must; c) were to; d) could.

2. Only a person who knows the language very well answer such a

question.

a) can; b) may; c) has to; d) is to.

3. Mike write this exercise at school because he hadn’t done it at

home.

a) must; b) had to; c) was able to; d) was to.

4. You know how to raise your children not to be losers.

a) may; b) are to; c) have to; d) should.

5. you do the work tomorrow ?

a) will *** have to; b) will *** be able to; c) can; d) will *** be allowed to

5. I go to the post office with Mike ?

a) may; b) can; c) must; d) shall.

7. After they had finished their homework, the children (дозволили)

watch TV.

a) were able to; b) had to; c) were to; d) were allowed to.

8. We speak at the lessons.(He дозволяють)

a) can’ t; b) mustn’t; c) aren’t allowed to; d) aren’t able to.

9. Nothing be done, it’s too late.

a) can’t; b) can; c) may; d) must.

10. I wear glasses as my eyesight is very weak.

a) am to; b) must; c) can; d) have to.

11. They decided that she send them a telegram every tenth day.

a) was to; b) had to; c) must; d) was able to.

12. You take any more pills after next Monday (не потрібно).

a) can’t; b) mustn’t; c) needn’t; d) shouldn’t.

13. They be taught a lesson (потрібно).

a) could; b) should; c) must; d) may.

14. The school was silent : nothing be heard in the long dark

corridors.

a) can; b) couldn’t; c) could; d) wasn’t able to.

4. Доберіть потрібну форму дієслова.

1. You go when you have finished your compositions.

a) can; b) are able to; c) may; d) mustn’t.

2. She translate this article without a dictionary.

a) may; b) can; c) has to; d) is allowed to.

3. The train leave at 5.15.

a) could; b) had to; c) must; d) was to.

4. It 's raining. You put on your raincoat.

a) have to; b) must; c) will be able to; d) can.

5. She help. Everything has been already done.

a) doesn’t have to; b) can’t; c) needn’t; d) shouldn’t.

6. He hasn’t seen you and he

a) won’t; b) shan’t; c) wouldn’t; d) mustn’t.

7. He rather listen to the others than talk himself.

a) should; b) has to; c) must; d) would.

8. She sit for hours watching the ships.

a) could; b) would; c) might; d) was able to.

9. He never come here again. I’ll take care of it.

a) shall; b) will; c) can; d) must.

10. You be afraid of him. He’s a kind old man.

a) shan’t; b) won’t; c) shouldn’t; d) wouldn’t.

11. You .... learn all the new words for the next lesson. a) must; b) can; c) will be able to; d) are to.

12. He asked if he borrow my car.

a) can; b) could; c) may; d) might.

13. He worry about her.

a) needn’t; b) shouldn’t; c) mustn’t; d) wouldn’t.

14 I take your book ? - I 'm afraid not : I need it.

a) can; b) could; c) may; d) must.

5. Доберіть потрібну форму дієслова.

1. The meeting begin at 5 o’clock. Don’t be late.

a) has to; b) is to; c) should; d) must.

2. It was raining hard and we wait until it stopped raining.

a) had to; b) were to; c) should; d) must.

3. I go there right now ? - Yes, you

a) can; b) must; c) may; d) should.

3. I help you ? No, you , I’ll do everything myself.

a) can, can’t; b) need, needn’t; c) must, mustn’t; d) should, shouldn’t.

5. The question be solved before we begin doing anything.

a) can; b) may; c) is to; d) must.

6. Children, have you been playing with my umbrella ? It open !

a) can’t; b) shouldn’t; c) won’t; d) needn’t.

7. He was so weak that he lift his head.

a) can’t; b) couldn’t; c) isn’t able to; d) wouldn’t.

8. He is much better and walk without my help now.

a) may; b) must; c) has to; d) can.

9. Yesterday 's rain spoilt my hat completely. I buy a new one.

a) could; b) must; c) had to; d) ought to.

10. Children play with matches.

a) aren’t; b) mustn’t; c) shouldn’t; d) needn’t.

11. I knocked more than once but she let me in.

a) couldn’t; b) shouldn’t; c) mustn’t; d) wouldn’t.

12. There be a discussion later on.

a) was to; b) had to; c) must; d) should.

13. Tomorrow I shall be free and help you.

a) can; b) may; c) shall be able to; d) shall be allowed to.

14. It stopped raining, and mother told us that we go out.

a) could; b) might; c) were able to; d) had to.