1.1 Вправи на вживання модальних дієслів can, may, must

Вправа 1. Прочитайте та перекладіть нижченаведені речення українською мовою.

1. May I come in? No, you must not. 2. I can’t translate this text. 3.You must learn the words regularly. 4. She may come here today. 5. You needn’t take this book. 6. Must she prepare her homework today? 7. May I ask you a question? 8. Must I translate the text? No, you needn’t. 9. Can you speak English? 10. The students must not be late for classes. 11. Students must be attentive in class.

Вправа 2. Дайте короткі та повні стверджувальні й заперечні відповіді на такі запитання.

1. Can you speak English? 2. Can you take English books from the library? 3. Must I read or translate the text? 4. Must you work at your English regularly? 5. May I come in? 6. Can you perform this task for me? 7. Can you refuse this stupid request? 8. Can we prepare our home reading for tomorrow? 9. May the linen be changed twice a month in hostel No. 3?

Вправа 3. Поставте нижченаведені речення в запитальну й заперечну форми.

1. I can do the work. 2. She must go. 3. She may come in. 4. He can speak English well. 5. We must work at our design today. 6. You can tell them about the plan of your studies. 7. He can operate the computer brilliantly. 8. Our students can take an active part in self-government nowadays.

Вправа 4. Перекладіть нижченаведені речення українською мовою.

1. What can we do at home in the evening? 2. Can you speak French? 3. No, I can’t, I can’t speak French. 4.Thestudentscanassisthisfriendinhiswork. 5.Itmustbedonetoday. 6.Thestudentsmaytakemybooks. 7.AnncantranslateEnglisharticles. 8.Olga must take examinations.

Вправа 5. Перекладіть українською мовою нижченаведені речення з модальними дієсловами.

1.We need not speak English at home. 2. You must not go home now. 3. Nick cannot speak English. 4. You need not get up at 6 o’clock in the morning. 5. They must not go to the library. 6. They cannot do this work. 7. We need not take English examinations this winter. 8. The students must attend all the lectures and lessons.

Вправа 6. Напишіть нижченаведені речення в запитальній формі.

1. The students may join the scientific club. 2. Young people of our country can enter higher schools. 3. They may go to the library. 4. Every engineer must know a foreign language. 5. You may use my pen. 6. She can read English newspapers. 7. He may come in. 8. The students may take books at the library. 9. Ann can translate articles from English into Russian. 10. You may go home.

Вправа 7. Дайте заперечну відповідь на запитання.

1. May I use this pen? 2. May Nick go to the library? 3. May I come in? 4. May you come home late? 5. Must I get up at 7 o’clock? 6. Must we speak English at home? 7. Must I come here tomorrow? 8. Must he translate this article? 9. Must the students attend this lecture? 10. Must Ann read this book?

Вправа 8. Напишіть нижченаведені речення в запитальній формі.

1. The young people may join the club of international friendship. 2. Foreign citizens may enter higher schools in Ukraine. 3. Correspondence students may take some specialized literature in the library. 4. Correspondence students can have lessons even on Sundays. 5. The university students may borrow books from the university library without restriction. 6. The students who live far from Vinnytsia may have places in hostels. 7. The Education Council of VNTU can solve different problems concerning students’ life. 8. Advanced students involved in self-government can help vice-deans and superintendants in some arguments. 9. The Arabic students of the fourth year of studies can translate papers from Arabic into Ukrainian.

Вправа 9. Перекладіть українською мовою нижченаведені речення з модальними дієсловами і складіть власні діалоги.

1. Can you paint? 2. Can you go home now? 3. Can you help me? 4. Can you draw? 5. Can you play tennis? 6. Can you read English newspapers? 7. Can you show us your new picture? 8. Can you tell us about your work? 9. Mary must go to the factory now. 10. The children must listen to this tape.

Вправа 10. Висловіть здивування за зразком, вживаючи слово really.

Model: Teacher: Peter must come here today.

Student: Must Peter really come here today?

1. We can help them. 2. She can show us the monument. 3. She can play tennis. 4. We must prepare our home reading. 5 .You may go home. 6. She can paint very well. 7. Can you translate this text into French? 8. Alex can speak German and English.

Вправа 11. Дайте стверджувальну відповідь зі словом certainly. Скажіть, що ви добре виконуєте дію, про яку йдеться мова.

Model: Teacher: Can you draw?

Student: Certainly, I can. I can draw well.

1. Can you speak English? 2. Can you drive a car? 3. Can you read English? 4. Can you describe the picture? 5. Can you translate this text into Ukrainian? 6. Can you play tennis? 7. Can you copy the text? 8. Can you read English newspapers? 9. Can you make pictures? 10. Can you ride a bike? 11. Can you play the violin? 12. Can you cook tasty meals? 13. Can you bake delicious cakes and cookies? 14. Can you have a good holiday in the Crimea or in the Carpathian mountains? 15. Can you ride a bicycle?

Вправа 12. Дайте відповідь за зразком.

Model: Teacher: We must finish our work today. And you?

Student: I needn’t finish it today.

1.You must listen to the tape. And your brother? 2. You must take the book from the library. And your friend? 3. Tom must go to the factory. And you? 4. Nick must do the translation. And you? 5. She must clean the room. And you? 6. Ann must take examinations. And you? 7. Olga must translate articles from English into German. And Peter? 8. I must go to the library right now. And you? 9. He must consult his professor. And you? 10. This student must apply to the Education Council for solving his problem. And you?

Вправа 13. Напишіть наведені нижче речення в минулому чаcі, використовуючи замінник (еквівалент) модального дієслова.

1. You may come in. 2. She may use my pen. 3. They may go to the library. 4. Peter may give you the textbook. 5. Students may get textbooks at the library. 6. He may translate this text. 7. The students of our group can assist teachers in the laboratory. 8. I can swim. 9. They cannot come. 10. Can Nick speak German? 11. The best student must carry the banner of VNTU. 12. Students may take places at the university hostels.

Вправа 14. Напишіть наведені нижче речення в минулому часі, використовуючи еквівалент модального дієслова must.

1.The students must attend all the lectures and lessons. 2.Wemusttakeexaminations. 3.Youmustgohome. 4.AnnmusttranslatearticlesfromEnglishintoUkrainiantoday.5. Every engineer must know a foreign language. 6.The students must take books at the library today. 7. I must enter a higher school. 8. The students must join the scientific club. 9. I must answer that question right now. 10. Nick must get up at 6 o’clock.

Вправа 15. Напишіть наведені нижче речення в майбутньому часі, використовуючи еквіваленти модальних дієслів.

1. He must not write the test. 2. Nick can paint a poster. 3. He can’t help you today. 4. You must not go to the classroom because you are late. 5. He can’t help you because he is unwell. 6. Mary must go to her study now. 7. The children must listen to this tape. 8. Our group can help them. 9. These students can show us the monument in the center of the city. 10. We must prepare our home reading on Monday.

Вправа 16 Напишіть наведені нижче речення в майбутньому часі.

1. I can enter the Institute. 2. We can read English newspapers. 3. They can work in this laboratory. 4. She can answer this question. 5. Mary can translate English articles into Ukrainian. 6. The student can assist his friend in his work. 7. He can swim. 8. She may work in the laboratory. 9. They may take books from the library. 10. Nick may go home. 11. He can persuade his friend not to smoke. 12. The trade-union organizations can take part in the action “Present a smile to a child”.

Вправа 17. Перекладіть нижченаведені речення українською мовою.

1. I am to go to the library at 5 o’clock. 2. Nick is to translate this article at 7 p.m. 3. We are to work at this laboratory at 6 p.m. 4. She is to meet me at 8 o’clock. 5. The students could assist his friend in his work. 6. He could swim. 7. She could translate this article. 8 .She may answer this question. 9. He might go home yesterday. 10. I was allowed to work at the laboratory. 11. You must take an umbrella in rainy weather. 12. He has to take a taxi to get to the airport on time. 13. Children must not interfere in other people’s affairs. 14. Jack must pass his road test to be given driver’s license.

Вправа 18. Напишіть нижченаведені речення в минулому часі, вживаючи еквіваленти модальних дієслів та їх форми минулого часу (сould, might).

1. She must do it. 2. I can translate English articles into Ukrainian. 3. Olga may work in this laboratory. 4. We may get textbooks at the library. 5. Students must study English. 6. Nick can do this work. 7. You may use my pen. 8. Ann can come at 6 o’clock. 9. Victor must take an exam in Math. 10. I am to meet him at 5 o’clock. 11. I must report about the results of my work at the conference. 12. The students of our group can do their own research. 13. Our teacher may give the students good marks. 14. My friend can make a speech about his own research in the field of electrical mechanics. 15. Can you set the alarm clock? 16. You can get to work by subway.

Вправа 19. Напишіть нижченаведені речення в минулому часі.

1. She will be able to read English newspapers. 2. The students of our group will be able to assist teachers in the laboratory. 3. I shall be able to swim. 4. They will not be able to come. 5. Will Nick be able to speak German? 6. You will be allowed to come in. 7. She will be allowed to use my pen. 8. They will be allowed to go to the library. 9. Peter will be allowed to give you the textbook. 10. Students will be allowed to get textbooks from the library. 11. They will not be able to pass the winter exams if they don’t work hard.

Вправа 20. Перекладіть нижченаведені речення англійською мовою, вживаючи еквіваленти модальних дієслів.

1. Мені дозволяють працювати в лабораторії.2. Я зможу зробити це завтра. 3. Вони вміли читати англійською мовою. 4. Йому дозволяють їхати додому. 5. Він умів плавати. 6. Ми зможемо взяти його книгу.7. Вони зможуть перекласти цей текст. 8. Студентам дозволяють брати книги в бібліотеці. 9. Вони будуть вміти плавати. 10. Ольга зможе прийти на збори раніше.

Вправа 21. Поставте нижченаведені речення в минулому часі. Дайте переклад українською мовою.

1. Are you able to paint? 2. Are you allowed to go home now? 3. Are you able to help me? 4. Are you able to draw? 5. Are you able to play tennis? 6. Are you able to read English newspapers? 7. Are you able to show us your new picture? 8. Are you able to tell us about your work? 9. We are allowed to come in. 10. She is allowed to use my pen.

Вправа 22. Поставте нижченаведені речення в майбутньому часі. Дайте переклад українською мовою.

1.He had to go to the library. 2. She had to use this method of work. 3. Nick had to translate this article. 4. Ann had to take entrance examinations. 5. I had to read this article. 6. You might come in. 7. She might use my pen. 8. Peter might give you the textbook. 9. Students might get textbooks at the library. 10. He might translate this text.

Вправа 23. Поставте нижченаведені речення в минулому часі. Дайте переклад українською мовою.

1. We are allowed to come in. 2. She is allowed to use my pen. 3. They are allowed to go to the library. 4. Peter is allowed to give you the textbook. 5. Students are allowed to go home. 6. He has to go to the library. 7. She has to use this method of work. 8. Nick has to take entrance examinations. 9. I am to read this report at the conference. 10. Students have to study English. 11. He has to prepare the paper for the university magazine. 12. Everybody may get English topics at the department of foreign languages.

Вправа 24. Поставте нижченаведені речення в теперішньому часі. Дайте переклад українською мовою.

1. She will have to do it. 2. I shall be able to translate English articles into Ukrainian. 3. Olga will be allowed to work in this laboratory. 4. We shall be allowed to get textbooks at the library. 5. Students will have to study English. 6. Nick will be able to do this work. 7. You will be allowed to use my pen. 8. She had to do it. 9. We might get articles at the library. 10. That teacher had to use this method in his work. 11. He had to submit his thesis by the end of December. 12. He will be allowed to pass his exams before the examination period.

Вправа 25. Перекладіть нижченаведені речення англійською мовою, вживаючи модальні дієслова та їх еквіваленти.

1. Я повинен піти в бібліотеку (в мене це заплановано). 2. Їй доведеться використати цей метод в своїй роботі. 3. Ольга була змушена перекласти цю статтю. 4. Ми повинні працювати в цій лабораторії. 5. Я вмію плавати. 6. Галя мала зустріти мене на станції о 5-й годині. 7. Чому ти не вмієш перекладати статті англійською мовою? 8.Ганна може краще перекладати статті, ніж Василь.9. Я повинна буду (в мене це заплановано) попрацювати в бібліотеці. 10. Мені необхідно було (я повин-на була)прочитати цю статтю. 11.Мій брат вміє їздити на велосипеді та мотоциклі. 12. Дівчина з паралельної групи може дуже гарно вишивати рушники. 13.Студент нашого факультету повинен виступити на пленарному засіданні з доповіддю англійською мовою.

Вправа 26. Переробіть нижченаведені речення таким чином, щоб замість модального дієслова було вжито його еквівалент в теперішньому часі. Дайте переклад українською мовою.

1. You may come in. 2. She may use my pen. 3. They can read English newspapers. 4. The students of our group can assist teschers in the laboratory. 5. I can swim. 6. They can’t come today. 7. Can you show me your picture? 8. I can help you. 9. Peter must come here today. 10. Can you paint? 11. Can you explain this difficult grammatical rule? 12. May I borrow your file for a moment? 13. He may come to the consultation on Friday afternoon. 14. The students must attend English lessons regularly.

Вправа 27. Переробіть нижченаведені речення таким чином, щоб замість модального дієслова було вжито його еквівалент в минулому часі. Перекладіть українською мовою.

1. Mary must go to her job now. 2. Students must listen to this tape.3. We must help our mother. 4. We must finish our work today. 5. Nick must do the translation himself. 6. She must clean the room. 7. Can Mary describe the picture? 8. I must copy this article for my elder brother.9. I must teach my younger brother to play tennis. 10. May the students of our group assist teachers in the laboratory?

Вправа 28. Переробіть нижченаведені речення таким чином, щоб замість модального дієслова було вжито його еквівалент в майбутньому часі. Перекладіть українською мовою.

1. He cannot go with us. 2. We must do this work. 3. They can speak English. 4. Yesterday he might go to work at the laboratory. 5. The meeting was to begin at 7 o’clock. 6. She could translate the article last month. 7. Last month we might visit the atomic power station. 8. The engineers had to examine the new machine. 9. You might take this article with you. 10. Oleh had to read this book yesterday.

Вправа 29. Напишіть нижченаведені речення в минулому часі, вживаючи еквіваленти замість модальних дієслів.

1. Tomorrow you will have to go to Kyiv. 2. The meeting is to begin at 7 o’clock. 3. Must we do it? 4. Next week we shall be allowed to visit the atomic power station. 5. The engineers will have to examine the new machine .6. The students will be allowed to make an experiment. 7. Next week I will have to take an exam in English. 8. The lecture will have to begin at 8 o’clock. 9. The students will be allowed to use different methods of work.10. They can visit the atomic power station today.

Вправа 30. Перекладіть нижченаведені речення англійською мовою, вживаючи модальні дієслова та їх еквіваленти.

1. Завтра менідозволять попрацювати в лабораторії. 2. Я зможу допомогти тобі завтра. 3. Вони вміли читати англійською мовою. 4. Йому дозволять їхати додому. 5. Вам дозволять взяти цю книжку додому. 6. Він навчиться плавати. 7. Студентам дозволять відвідати атомну електростанцію. 8. Наступного тижня я змушений буду складати екзамен з математики. 9. Наступного року ці студенти зможуть перекладати статті англійською мовою. 10. Студентам було дозволено використати різноманітні методи в їх роботі.