Structural function

The speaker has to organize and the listener has to identify the hierarchy of information units starting from the most prominent syllable in a word, the most prominent word in an intonation group, the varying prominence and the cohesion of intonation groups in longer utterances, such as speech paragraphs or the whole text. Pitch, length and loudness help to restore the key concepts of the situation posited in speech act, to get the structural vision of the speech act.

In a dialogue or polilogue the speaker – listener interaction is reflected in the unity of one topic for discussion shared by all the participants, with key words brought out by prosodic means, followed by special boundary tones, pitch range and tempo variation to signal transition to a new topic.

Information structuring is more evident in radio newsreading, sports commentary (changes in prosody reflect the progress of the action).

It is subdivided into:

1. constitutive function. It presupposes the integrative function on the one hand when intonation arranges intonation groups into bigger syntactic units: sentences, texts. If it were not for this function, we would hear separate words at the same pitch.

2. intergrative.

3. delimitative. It manifests itself when intonation divides texts, syntactic wholes and sentence units that is intonation groups.

ex. He washed and brushed his \hair.

He  washed and brushed his \hair.

2. Содержание

   • Different approaches to the problem of phoneme. The definition of phoneme
   • The notions of phoneme and allophone. Functions of phoneme (7)
   • The definition of intonation. Componentes of intonation. Structural and functional approaches to the problem of its components (28)
   • Sentence accentuation
   • The difference between rp and ga in the system of vowels and consonants (4)
   • Phonological and non-phonological features in the system of english consonants (10)
   • Presence or absence of voice:
   • Position of the soft palate and the velum:
   • 10. Практическая часть
   • Territorial and social differences in the pronunciation of english in different countries (1)
   • The notion of interference. Prerequisites for phonetic interference (segmental level) (12)
   • Phonetic basis. Articulatory basis: static and dynamic approaches
   • Intonational (prosodic) basis.
   • Principal and subsidiary variants of english phonemes
   • Principle;
   • Subsidiary.
   • The definition of prosody. Functions of prosody (29)
   • Structural function
   • Social function
   • Aesthetic
   • Stylistic
   • Phonological and non-phonological features in the system of english vowels (11)
   • Stability of articulation:
   • 11. Практическая часть
   • The difference between rp and ga in the pronunctiation (word-stress, prosody (5)
   • Social variations in english pronunciation. Social factors and phonetic markers
   • Functions of intonation
   • The orphoepic norm of english (rp) and its types
   • Southern English Pronunciation, or rp;
   • Northern English Pronunciation;
   • Standard Scottish Pronunciation.
   • Intonation and prosody. The correlation between these notions